常温空气无焰燃烧中NOx生成的研究

研究了常温空气无焰燃烧中Nox的生成规律.实验研究和计算分析表明,在燃烧器射流对称轴上(300mm×2000mm的空间内),自喷口至炉膛中心处,有一个温度较低的剧烈的燃气与空气扩散混合区,在此区域内,不生成Nox;温度大于1320K的区域,开始生成N2O;在炉膛后部温度大于1810K的高温区,开始生成NO.过量空气系数与容积热负荷对烟气中Nox生成量的影响不大与传统的扩散火焰或预混火焰不同,常温空气无焰燃烧反应发生在一个弥散的宽广区域,在整个炉膛内同时进行,炉膛内高温区面积很小,因而Nox的生成量低,排放稳定.     

废旧家用空调器的回收及关键技术研究

家用空调器等废旧家电的回收再利用，对全球的可持续发展具有重要意义，已受到国内外的高度重视。文章介绍了一般废旧家用电器的回收过程、回收方法，并对废旧家用空调器的回收过程做了具体介绍，最后提出了家用空调器等废旧家电的回收再利用过程中的关键技术。     

压缩空气中微量油测定方法的现状与进展

近年来，压缩机制造行业已把压缩空气中微量油浓度作为对压缩机性能评价的一项重要指标。因此，对压缩空气的含油量测定工作越来越得到重视。在制造类企业，压缩空气在生产中有广泛的用途，其对压缩空气的品质有不同的要求。在此介绍了压缩空气中微量油浓度常用的测定方法。包括样品的采集和预处理、标准油的制备以及具体的分析检测手段。     

影响滇池入湖污染物总量变化的主要因素分析

分析了滇池入湖污染物总量变化情况及主要影响因素，得出结论：生活污染源是流域污染控制的重点；要完善城市排水管网系统，最大限度地发挥污水处理厂的作用；开展城市卫生系统改造研究，就地处理资源化利用，可从根本上减少污染物入湖量。     

小波网络在大气污染物浓度预测中的应用

提出一种“分解-重构-预测”小波网络的大气污染物浓度的预测方法。通过小波分解,把浓度序列分解为不同频段的小波系数序列,再对各层的小波系数子序列重构到原尺度上,然后对小波系数序列采用相匹配的BP神经网络模型进行预测,最后合成浓度序列的最终预测结果。经对二氧化硫浓度预测证明,该方法预测模型推广能力强,预测精度高。     

Phytoremediation and its models for organic contaminated soils

Soil pollution has been attracting considerable public attentions over the last decades.Sorts of traditional physiochemical methods have been used to remove th organic pollutants from soils.However,the enormous costs and low efficiencies associated with these remediation technologies limit their availabilities.Phytoremediation is an emerging technology that uses plants to cleanup pollutants in soils.As overwhelmingly positive results have been shown,phytoremediation is a most economical and effective remediation technique for organic contaminated soils.In this paper phytoremediation and its models for organic contaminated soils are viewed.The mechanisms of phytoremediation mainly include the direct plant uptake of organic pollutants,degradation by plant-derived degradative enzymes,and stimulated biodegradation in plat rhizosphere.Phytoremediation efficiency is close related to physicochemical properties of organic pollutants, environmental characteristics,and plant types.It is no doubt that soil amendments such as surfactants improve the solubilities and availabilities of organic pollutants in soils.However,little information is available about effects of soil amendments on phytoremediation efficiencies.Phytoremediation models have been developed to imulate and predict the environmental behavior of organic pollutants,and progress of models is illustrated.In many ways phytoremediation is still in its initial stage,and recommendations for the future for the future research on phytoremediation are presented.     

对排海污染物实行“纳污区”管理探讨

我国近海是经济增长和发展最重要和最集中的区域。然而,随着沿海工业的发展,大量未经处理的陆源污染物随间排海,沿岸水域形成“黑潮”、“赤潮”致使我国近海海域污染加剧,生态平衡失调,严重影响了海域资源环境的可持续发展。     

街道峡谷地面源污染物扩散规律的风洞试验研究

在风洞中１／２５０街道峡谷模型的底板内释放示踪气体，通过对浓度分布特征的观测，分析了街道峡谷 面湖泊污染物的扩散过程及其与街道建筑物结构，风向及排放源强度等因素之间的关系，探讨了中性边界层风洞模拟微尺度湍流扩散过程的相似准则与相似参数，为建立街道峡谷地面源污染物扩散模型提供了物理基础。     

Effects of fluoride on growth and reproduction of the army worm, Mythimna separata (Walker)

This paper deals with effects of airborne fluorine on the army worm, Mythimna separata (Walker), by rearing the larvae on the wheat foliage exposed to HF or fumigating the larvae on the artificial diet with the pollutant. Larval relative growth rate (GR) and index of population trend of the insect reduced by 5% and 11%, respectively, when the larvae were reared on the foliage taken from the wheat plants exposed to 0.87 g·dm^-2·day^-1 of fluorine compared with those of the control. An extra instar appeared in a majority of the larvae treated. Survival rate and GR of the larvae on the wheat plant being exposure to the same concentration of fluorine in field open-top fumigation device were 40% and 15% lower than that of the control, respectively. Similar experiment with the insect on the artificial diet also showed that direct impact of the pollutant on the army worm was greater than its indirect effect via their host plant.     

低纬高原地区城市化对室内外气温的影响

以低纬高原城市昆明市为研究对象,通过比较分析,得出以下结论昆明地区受全球气候变暖影响年平均气温约升高0.5℃/a左右;由于城市面积扩大导致昆明的室内外气温均升高,其中室内气温升高幅度大于室外气温,干季大于雨季;不论是干季还是雨季,城市增温效应与城市建成区面积、城市人口均有较好的相关关系.城市建成区面积增加对平均气温的影响较大;而城市人口增加对平均室内气温的影响较大.城市建成区面积每增加1km2,年平均室内气温将升高0.0054℃;年平均气温升高0.012℃.而城市人口增加1 万人,年平均室内气温升高0.0259℃;年平均气温升高0.0098℃.